For more information about journaling and recovery, see the Extensible Versatile Editor Reference Manual or use the online help in EVE and read the topic called Journal Files. +----------------------------- NOTE ------------------------------+ | Although journaling and recovery are quite reliable, the last few | | edits before a system failure may be lost. The safest way to | | protect your work against a system failure is to write out your | | edits frequently---particularly during all-day editing sessions. | +-------------------------------------------------------------------+ 3 /MODIFY /MODIFY (default) /NOMODIFY Determines whether you can modify the main (or first) buffer. If you specify multiple input files on the EDIT/TPU command line, this qualifier applies to each buffer. Does not affect other buffers you create during the editing session. By default, TPU lets the buffer be modified---you can edit text in the buffer, and exiting writes out the buffer to a file, if the buffer has been modified (unless you used /NOWRITE or /READ_ONLY). Use /NOMODIFY to view a file without making any changes. You can then use cursor-movement commands but cannot change the text. If you do not specify /MODIFY or /NOMODIFY, the application is expected to determine the default behavior. For EVE, the main buffer is made modifiable (as well as buffers initially created from your input files). For EVE, using /READ_ONLY or /NOWRITE makes the buffer unmodifiable unless you also use /MODIFY. For example, the following command edits a file named PRACTICE.TXT, making the buffer read-only and making it modifiable, so you can practice editing or test procedures without writing a file: $ EDIT/TPU practice.txt /READ_ONLY /MODIFY In EVE, the status line shows whether the buffer is unmodifiable. If the buffer is modifiable, the status line shows the mode (insert or overstrike). You can change the modification attribute of the buffer during your editing session by using the SET BUFFER command. 3 /OUTPUT /OUTPUT[=output-file] (default) /NOOUTPUT Determines the output file, if any, for the main (or first) buffer. If you specify multiple input files on the EDIT/TPU command line, this qualifier applies to each buffer. Does not affect other buffers you create during the editing session. By default, the output file has the same specifications as the input file with a version number one higher than the highest version of the input file, or version 1 if you are creating a new file. Use /OUTPUT= and specify a file if you want the output file written in a different directory or to have a different name or file type. For example, the following command edits a file named ROUGH.LIS in your current directory and, on exiting, writes the output file to FINAL.TXT in your top-level, login directory: $ EDIT/TPU rough.lis /OUTPUT=sys$login:final.txt You cannot use wildcards to specify the output file---you specify one output file at a time. There is no default file type. If you omit the file type or other parts of the output file specification, such as the device (disk) or directory, EVE uses the corresponding parts of the input file specification, if there is one. In EVE, using /OUTPUT= and specifying an output file modifies the buffer, so that even if you make no changes to the text, exiting writes the buffer to the specified output file. In EVE, using /NOOUTPUT sets the MAIN (or first) buffer to read-only (sometimes called write-locked), so that exiting does not write out that buffer to a file. This is useful to view a file without making any changes. If you change your mind and want to write out the buffer before exiting, use the WRITE FILE, SAVE FILE, or SAVE FILE AS command. Also, you can change the read/write attribute of the buffer during your editing session by using the SET BUFFER command. Be careful using the /OUTPUT qualifier when you specify multiple input files because the qualifier applies to all input files on the EDIT/TPU command line. If you specify an output file name and type, each buffer created from an input file would have the same output file name and type. You can use the /OUTPUT qualifier with multiple input files to write the output files to a different disk or directory. For example, the following command invokes EVE such that each output file has the same name as the original input file but is written to the [.NEW] directory: $ EDIT/TPU /OUT=[.NEW] a.txt,b.txt,c.rno,d.tmp 3 /READ_ONLY /READ_ONLY /NOREAD_ONLY (default) Determines whether exiting writes the main (or first) buffer to a file. If you specify multiple input files on the EDIT/TPU command line, this qualifier applies to each buffer. Does not affect other buffers you create during the editing session. /READ_ONLY is the same as /NOWRITE. For EVE, this makes the MAIN (or first) buffer write-locked and also makes it unmodifiable, unless you used /MODIFY. Use /READ_ONLY to view a file without making any changes. For example, the following command lets you view a file named MEMO.TXT, so you can use cursor-movement commands but cannot change the text: $ EDIT/TPU memo.txt /READ_ONLY /NOREAD_ONLY is the same as /WRITE---on exiting, EVE writes out the MAIN (or first) buffer to a file if the buffer has been modified, and if necessary, EVE prompts you for the output file name. In EVE, the status line shows whether the buffer is read-only or write. Also, you can change the read/write and modification attributes of the buffer during your editing session by using the SET BUFFER command. 3 /RECOVER /RECOVER /NORECOVER (default) Determines whether TPU recovers your edits by reading the journal file from the interrupted editing session. (See help on /JOURNAL.) There are two ways to recover your edits, depending on the type of journaling you used: o If you used buffer-change journaling, which is the EVE default, you can recover one or more buffers at a time and you can recover buffers from different editing sessions. For example, the following command invokes EVE to recover the text of a file named JABBER.TXT: $ EDIT/TPU jabber.txt /RECOVER This is the same as invoking EVE and using the following command: Command: RECOVER BUFFER jabber.txt If there is more than one buffer-change journal file with the same name---for example, you may have two or more MAIN.TPU$JOURNAL files from different editing sessions---the recovery uses the highest version number available. To recover several text buffers, one after another, use the RECOVER BUFFER ALL command. Recovery with a buffer-change journal file restores only your text ---it does not restore settings, key definitions, and other customizations and it does not restore the contents of the Insert Here buffer or other system buffers. The recovery is usually quite fast. New text or other changes are then journaled. The recovery does not re-create deleted files. If you deleted or renamed the source file associated with a buffer-change journal, the recovery fails. The source file is either the file initially read into the buffer (if any), or the last version of the file written from the buffer before the system failure. If you specify multiple input files on the EDIT/TPU command line, EVE tries to recover each file. o If you used keystroke journaling, you recover your editing session by reissuing the same command for the original, aborted editing session---including all qualifiers---and adding /RECOVER. EVE then recovers your editing session in a "player piano" fashion. For example, the following commands invoke TPU creating a keystroke journal file, and then, after a system failure, recover the editing session: $ EDIT/TPU /JOURNAL=myjournal.tjl . . *** system failure *** . . $ EDIT/TPU /JOURNAL=myjournal.tjl /RECOVER Typically, after the recovery, you exit to save your edits. Keystroke journaling does not work on DECwindows and has other restrictions, as follows. These restrictions do NOT apply to buffer- change journaling. o To recover your edits with a keystroke journal file, all relevant files must be in the same state as at the start of the session being recovered---including any files you wrote out (saved) before the system failure. Therefore, before doing the recovery, you should rename the saved versions or move them to a different directory, to ensure that the recovery uses the original versions of the files. You must specify multiple input files in the same order as in the original command line. o Check that any logical names for your section file, command file, and initialization file are defined as for the original editing session, and that the recovery will use the correct version of these files. o Check that the following terminal settings are the same as when you began the original editing session, because they may affect how your keystrokes are replayed: Device_Type Edit_mode Eightbit Page Width o Recovery with a keystroke journal file may fail or may not work properly if you used CTRL/C during the original editing session. CTRL/C is not recorded in the keystroke journal file. Therefore, during recovery, an operation that was canceled with CTRL/C is replayed without interruption; this is likely to affect how the remaining keystrokes are replayed. o If you used EVE in a subprocess (as a "kept" editor), the keystroke journal file records ATTACH, DCL, and SPAWN commands in EVE, but does not record operations done in the other process or subprocess. If these other operations affected any files used in the original editing session---for example, if you spawned a subprocess from EVE and then purged, renamed, deleted, or modified any relevant files---the recovery may fail or may not work properly. o If you used the EVE command DCL, the recovery with a keystroke journal file may fail or may not work properly, particularly if you cut a file name from a directory list in the DCL buffer, and pasted it into an EVE command line. The keystroke recovery replays the operations, but the directory list or the file name may not be the same as in the original session. For more information about journaling and recovery, see the Extensible Versatile Editor Reference Manual or use the online help in EVE and read the topic called Journal Files. +----------------------------- NOTE ------------------------------+ | Although journaling and recovery are quite reliable, the last few | | edits before a system failure may be lost. The safest way to | | protect your work against a system failure is to write out your | | edits frequently---particularly during all-day editing sessions. | +-------------------------------------------------------------------+ 3 /SECTION /SECTION[=section-file] (default) /NOSECTION Determines the section file you want to use, if any. A section file contains, in binary form, key definitions, compiled procedures, and other extensions. Effectively, the section file is the TPU application you run---whether a customized version of EVE or an application you have created. TPU assumes the section file is in SYS$SHARE. If your section file is stored elsewhere, specify the device (disk) and directory of that file. You cannot use wildcards to specify the section file. You use only one section file at a time. Default file type is .TPU$SECTION. The default section file is defined system-wide by the logical name TPU$SECTION, which specifies the standard EVE section file--- EVE$SECTION.TPU$SECTION. There are two ways to specify the section file you want to use: o Define the TPU$SECTION logical name to specify the section file. This lets you use that section file for all editing sessions--- including when you invoke TPU within MAIL or other utilities. Your definition overrides the system-wide default. You can put the definition in your LOGIN.COM file. For example, the following commands define the default section file as MYSECTION.TPU$SECTION in your top-level, login directory and invoke TPU using that section file instead of the standard EVE section file: $ DEFINE TPU$SECTION sys$login:mysection $ EDIT/TPU o Use /SECTION= and specify the section file on the command line. This overrides any definition of the TPU$SECTION logical name, whether a definition of your own or the system-wide default. For example, the following command invokes TPU, using a section file named MYSECTION.TPU$SECTION in your top-level, login directory: $ EDIT/TPU /SECTION=sys$login:mysection If you do not want TPU to use any section file, use /NOSECTION. This prevents even the default EVE interface from being used. TPU will be unusable unless you specify a command file with TPU procedures and executable statements that set up a text-processing environment. Use /NOSECTION when you are creating your own application without using EVE as a base or if you are using /NODISPLAY for batch editing. For example, the following command invokes TPU without a section file, using a command file named USER_APPL.TPU: $ EDIT/TPU /NOSECTION /COMMAND=user_appl /NODISPLAY At startup, TPU first loads a section file, if one is being used, before compiling and executing a command file (if any) and before EVE executes an initialization file (if any). Thus, procedures, settings, and key definitions in a command file (.TPU) or initialization file (.EVE) override those in a section file. To create a section file, do either of the following: o In EVE, use the SAVE EXTENDED EVE command. For example, the following command creates a section file named MYSECTION.TPU$SECTION in your current, default directory: Command: SAVE EXTENDED EVE mysection DISK$1:[USER]MYSECTION.TPU$SECTION;1 created 903 procedures, 1168 variables, 621 keys saved o In a TPU command file, use the SAVE built-in, usually at the end of the command file. For example, the following statements create a section file named MYSECTION.TPU$SECTION in your top- level, login directory: SAVE ("sys$login:mysection"); ! Create the section file EXIT; ! Done---end of command file A section file is cumulative; it saves the current key definitions and other customizations---and those already in the section file you are using. In EVE, the section file saves the following: * Compiled procedures (your own and EVE's) * Global settings ("attributes") * Key definitions and LEARN sequences * Menu definitions for the DECwindows interface A section file usually does NOT save the following: * Margins, tab stops, and other buffer settings * Width or number of windows * Contents of EVE system buffers, such as the Insert Here buffer A section file created with the DECwindows interface will work on character-cell terminals and conversely. However, some DECwindows features are not available on character-cell terminals (such as shifted function keys and the clipboard). +----------------------------- NOTE -----------------------------+ | A section file created on OpenVMS will work on ULTRIX and | | conversely so long as the procedures and statements saved do not | | involve system-specific features and differences, such as file | | names, directories, and so on. | +------------------------------------------------------------------+ For more information, see the VSI Text Processing Utility Reference Manual or Extensible Versatile Editor Reference Manual, or use the online help in EVE and read the topic called Section Files. 3 /START_POSITION /START_POSITION=(row[,column]) Determines the row and column where the cursor first appears in the main (or first) buffer. If you specify multiple input files on the EDIT/TPU command line, this qualifier applies to each buffer. Does not affect other buffers you create during the editing session. For EVE, the default start position is 1,1, which is the upper left corner of the MAIN (or first) buffer---row 1, column 1. Does not affect the initial cursor position when you create other buffers during the editing session and does not limit the buffer size. Use /START_POSITION to begin editing at a particular line (or row) or at a particular character position (or column), such as when you want to skip over a standard heading in a file, or if a batch log file or error message tells you there is an error on a given line of a program, you can specify that line number as the starting row, so that when you edit the program source file, the cursor moves directly to that line. For example, the following command edits a file named TEST.COM, putting the cursor on line 10, column 5: $ EDIT/TPU test.com /START_POSITION=(10,5) If you simply want to begin editing at the start of a particular line in the buffer or input file, you can omit the second parameter (the column) and you need not use parentheses. For example, the following command edits a file named MEMO.TXT putting the cursor at the start of line 10: $ EDIT/TPU memo.txt /START_POSITION=10 3 /WORK /WORK[=work-file] (default) /NOWORK Determines the work file, if any, that TPU uses to swap memory for editing very large files. The work file is automatically deleted when you exit. If you invoke TPU and disable the /WORK qualifier, TPU does not have a work file. In this case, the amount of memory available to TPU limits the size of the files you can edit. You cannot use wildcards to specify the work file. There is one work file per editing session. Default file type is .TPU$WORK. By default, TPU creates a work file named TPU$WORK.TPU$WORK in SYS$SCRATCH, which is usually your top-level, login directory. There are two ways to specify a different work file: o Define the TPU$WORK logical name to specify the work file. This is useful if you want the work file created in an area other than SYS$SCRATCH, such as on a larger disk. You can put the definition in your LOGIN.COM file. o Use /WORK= and specify the work file you want created. This overrides any definition of the TPU$WORK logical name. For example, the following command invokes TPU, specifying the work file to be MYWORK.TPU$WORK: $ EDIT/TPU /WORK=mywork To create the work file in an area other than SYS$SCRATCH, specify the device (disk) and directory of the work file. If you not want TPU to create a workfile, use /NOWORK. This reduces consumption of system resources and makes startup faster. Generally, you can use /NOWORK unless your system has limited memory or unless you edit very large files or large numbers of files. 3 /WRITE /WRITE (default) /NOWRITE Determines whether exiting writes the main (or first) buffer to a file. If you specify multiple input files on the EDIT/TPU command line, this qualifier applies to each buffer. Does not affect other buffers you create during the editing session. /WRITE is the same as /NOREAD_ONLY---on exiting, EVE writes out the MAIN (or first) buffer to a file if the buffer has been modified, and if necessary, EVE prompts you for the output file name. /NOWRITE is the same as /READ_ONLY. For EVE, this makes the MAIN (or first) buffer write-locked and also makes it unmodifiable, unless you used /MODIFY. Use /NOWRITE to view a file without making any changes. For example, the following command lets you view a file named STAFFMEMO.TXT, so you can use cursor-movement commands but cannot change the text: $ EDIT/TPU staffmemo.txt /NOWRITE In EVE, the status line shows whether the buffer is read-only or write. Also, you can change the read/write and modification attributes of the buffer during your editing session by using the SET BUFFER command.