specify the output save-set qualifier /REWIND with the /PROTECTION qualifier. If you do not specify /REWIND with /PROTECTION, the protection information, if any, in the volume header record is not changed. However, specifying /PROTECTION without /REWIND ensures that continuation volumes receive the correct protection. /RECORD Records the current date and time in the BACKUP date field of each file header record once a file is successfully saved or copied. If you do not specify the /RECORD qualifier, BACKUP does not change the BACKUP date field of each processed file. Observe the following restrictions: o The /RECORD qualifier is valid only with Files-11 Structure Levels 2 and 5 volumes. o To use the /RECORD qualifier you must either own the file or have SYSPRV privileges. o You cannot use the /RECORD qualifier with the /DELETE qualifier. o You can use the /RECORD qualifier in BACKUP save or copy operations only. /RELEASE_TAPE Dismounts and unloads a tape after a BACKUP save operation writes a save set to the tape (and optionally verifies the save set information on that tape). By using the /RELEASE_TAPE qualifier in conjunction with either the /DELETE or /RECORD qualifiers, you can make a tape drive available for other operations before the BACKUP command completes. The tape remains allocated until you enter the DEALLOCATE command. /REPAIR Helps BACKUP to reset the RMS file attribute of a save set file which gets corrupted when a save set is transferred via HTTP or copied using FTP or compressed and uncompressed using ZIP. You can use the /REPAIR qualifier to repair the save set attributes. /REPLACE When you use /REPLACE in a copy or restore operation, and an identically named file exists in both the input and output specifiers, BACKUP performs the following tasks: o Copies or restores a new version of the file with the same directory specification, file name, type, and version number o Deletes the copy of the file that previously existed on the output disk In this way, the previous copy of the file is replaced with the restored version. Note that the version number is not incremented because the old copy of the file is deleted. If you want to keep the versions from both the input and the output specifiers, use the output file qualifier /NEW_VERSION. If you do not use /REPLACE, /OVERLAY, or /NEW_VERSION, and the version number of the file being restored is identical to the version number of the existing file, BACKUP reports an error and does not restore the file. /REWIND /REWIND /NOREWIND (default) As an input save-set qualifier, causes the input tape reel to be rewound (/REWIND) or not rewound (/NOREWIND) to beginning-of-tape (BOT) before BACKUP searches for the save-set name specified in the input specifier. As an output save-set qualifier, specifies that the output magnetic tape is to be rewound and initialized before the save operation begins (/REWIND) or that the tape is neither to be rewound nor initialized before the save operation begins (/NOREWIND). Initializing the tape removes access to any existing data on the tape. If you want to start processing at BOT, and the magnetic tape is already positioned beyond BOT, specify /REWIND. Otherwise, the magnetic tape begins (or resumes) processing from the logical end-of-tape (EOT) marker. Use the /[NO]REWIND qualifier for magnetic tape save sets only. /SAVE_SET Defines the input or output specifier as a BACKUP save set. Normally, BACKUP treats specifiers that refer to disk files as Files-11 files and specifiers that refer to tapes as BACKUP save sets. You must specify the /SAVE_SET qualifier when the input or output specifier is a BACKUP save set on a Files-11 disk. /SELECT /SELECT /SELECT=(file-spec[,...]) Selects the specified files for processing. If you specify more than one file, separate the file specifications with commas and enclose the list in parentheses. Do not use a device specification when you define the files to be selected. You can use most standard wildcard characters, but you cannot use wildcard characters denoting latest version of files (;) and relative versions of files (;-n). You cannot use the /SELECT qualifier in image save operations. /SINCE /SINCE=time Selects files dated equal to or later than the specified date and time. You can enter the time in either absolute time or delta time. Specify these time values according to the rules described in the OpenVMS User's Manual. You can also specify the time using one of the following options: BACKUP The BACKUP/RECORD operation (available only on Files- 11 Structure Levels 2 and 5 volumes) TODAY The current day, month, and year at 00:00:00.0 o'clock TOMORROW 24 hours after midnight last night YESTERDAY 24 hours before midnight last night /SIZE /SIZE = [n] The logical volume size is recorded in the save-set header during a backup operation. By default, during a restore operation, the logical volume size is not preserved because restoring a save set of 2 GB to a 4-GB disk, for example, results in only 2 GB of available disk space. The /SIZE qualifier, however, allows you to preserve the logical volume size on the target device. Alternatively, you can specify the logical volume size of the target device by using the optional keyword value n. /TAPE_EXPIRATION /TAPE_EXPIRATION=dd-mmm-yyyy Writes a file expiration date other than the current date to the file header label of the save set. VSI recommends that you specify an expiration date whenever you create a BACKUP save set on magnetic tape using /REWIND. Daily BACKUP tapes should expire in seven days, weekly BACKUP tapes should expire in one month, and monthly BACKUP tapes should expire in one year. Specify the date in absolute time format, according to the rules described the OpenVMS User's Manual. If you do not specify an expiration date, today's date is written to the volume header record when you perform a save operation using /REWIND. /TRUNCATE /TRUNCATE /NOTRUNCATE (default) Controls whether a copy or restore operation truncates a sequential output file at the end-of-file (EOF) when creating it. By default, a copy or restore operation uses the allocation of the input file to determine the size of the output file. /VERIFY Specifies that the contents of the output specifier be compared with the contents of the input specifier after a save, restore, or copy operation is completed. If a file does not compare successfully, BACKUP displays an error message. /VOLUME /VOLUME=n Indicates that a specific disk volume in a disk volume set is to be processed. The /VOLUME qualifier is valid only when used with the /IMAGE qualifier. Using this qualifier allows you to perform BACKUP operations on a disk volume set when you have only one disk drive with which to perform BACKUP operations. /WINDOW /WINDOW=[FULL]LIMITED Specifies the number of mapping pointers to be allocated for file windows. By default, file window has 7 mapping pointers and it increases as file is more fragmented. Window is taken from nonpaged pool and is charged against process BYTLM quota. This may result in performance degrade when BACKUP tries to map the 8th extent of the file. Contiguous files are always completely mapped, but noncontiguous files may or may not be completely mapped. You can use the following keywords with the /WINDOW qualifier: FULL Default full mapping. LIMITED Optional limited size window. /ZLIB_LEVEL /ZLIB_LEVEL=n The /ZLIB_LEVEL qualifier provides a tuning mechanism for the amount of compression performed and resulting CPU time required when creating a compressed save set using /DATA_FORMAT=COMPRESS. The compression value n is required syntax and may range from 1 to 9. A value of 1 provides only the initial level of compression, using the least amount of CPU possible. This value corresponds to the need to finish backups in the smallest time possible but still compressing the data to some degree. Even with this smallest value, the data compression can be very dramatic. A value of 9 provides the highest level of compression, but requires more CPU time to accomplish. This value corresponds to the need to produce the smallest backup save sets possible, for example to fit on a fixed size output media which is near capacity. If /ZLIB_LEVEL is not specified, BACKUP uses the default compression value which is equivalent to level 6. /ZLIB_LEVEL is only valid in conjunction with /DATA_FORMAT=COMPRESS. It is only used for save set creation. The qualifier is ignored for restore operations. 2 Using_Compression BACKUP can create and restore compressed save sets. Using compression may significantly reduce the size of a save set. Additional CPU time is required to process compressed files. See the /DATA_FORMAT qualifier for details. Note that when simultaneously using both compression and encryption to create a save set, the data is encrypted first. This means that very little data compression can then be accomplished. 2 Using_Encryption BACKUP can create and restore encrypted save sets. Using encryption may be required due to your data archival security policy or for transferring files via non-secure channels. Additional CPU time is required to process encrypted files. See the /ENCRYPT qualifier for details. Note that when simultaneously using both compression and encryption to create a save set, the data is encrypted first. This means that very little data compression can then be accomplished. 2 Examples 1.$ BACKUP _From: DBA1:[000000...] _To: MTA0:13NOVBAK.BCK,MTA1:/LABEL=(DLY101,DLY102) This BACKUP command saves the entire contents of the disk DBA1 onto a multivolume tape save set. This command does not initialize the first tape in the save set, but does initialize subsequent tapes. The first tape in the save set must be labeled DLY101 and the second tape in the save set must be labeled DLY102. 2.$ BACKUP [PLI.WORK]/SINCE=YESTERDAY/MODIFIED [PLI.SAV] This BACKUP command copies selected files in the directory [PLI.WORK] to the directory [PLI.SAV]. BACKUP processes only those files that have been modified since 24 hours preceding midnight last night. Note that the /MODIFIED qualifier is not required, as its action is the default when the /SINCE qualifier is specified. 3.$ BACKUP DBA2:[PLI.WORK]*.*; DBA3:[SAVE]23MAR82.BCK/SAVE_SET This BACKUP command saves the highest version of each file in directory [PLI.WORK] to a disk save set on DBA3. The /SAVE_ SET qualifier is required because the output save set is on a Files-11 disk. 4.$ BACKUP/PHYSICAL DYA0: DYA1: This BACKUP command copies the entire RX02 floppy disk mounted on device DYA0 to the RX02 floppy disk mounted on device DYA1. Both devices must have been mounted with the DCL command MOUNT/FOREIGN. 5.$ BACKUP _From: DB1:[SCHED]*.* _To: DENVER::DBA2:[SAVE]SCH.BCK/SAVE_SET This BACKUP command saves all files in the directory SCHED on disk DB1 at the local node to the network save set SCH.BCK at remote node DENVER. The /SAVE_SET qualifier is required to identify the output specifier as a save set on a Files-11 disk. 6.$ BACKUP/LIST DENVER::DBA2:[SAVE]SCH.BCK/SAVE_SET This BACKUP command lists the BACKUP summary information, the original BACKUP command used, and the file name, size, and creation date for each file in the save set created in the previous example. The /SAVE_SET qualifier is required to identify the input specifier as a save set on a Files-11 device. 7.$ BACKUP MTA0:NOV2SAVE.BCK/REWIND/SELECT=[USER...] [USER...] This command restores files from the magnetic tape save set named NOV2SAVE.BCK to the directory tree from which they were saved (the [USER] directory tree). The /REWIND qualifier directs BACKUP to rewind the tape to the beginning-of-tape before beginning the restore operation. 8.$ BACKUP WORK$:[TESTFILES...]*.*;* MUA0:TEST.SAV - _$ /MEDIA_FORMAT=COMPACTION /REWIND This command saves all files in the directory [TESTFILES] and its subdirectories to a save set named TEST.SAV using a TA90E tape drive. The /MEDIA_FORMAT=COMPACTION qualifier specifies that the tape drive automatically compacts and blocks together data records on the tape. 9.$ BACKUP/IMAGE/RECORD/VERIFY/NOASSIST _From: DKA100: _To: MKB100:MAR11.SAV/LABEL=(TAPE1,TAPE2,TAPE3)/EXACT_ORDER This example uses the /EXACT_ORDER qualifier to specify the exact order of labels for the BACKUP operation. Note that if you specify the /ASSIST qualifier, BACKUP would display messages on the operator terminal. BACKUP performs the following tasks: a. Compares the volume label of the tape in MKB100: with the first label that you specified on the command line (TAPE1). If the labels match exactly, BACKUP begins the save operation. If the labels do not match or if the tape does not have an ANSI label, BACKUP displays the following message: %BACKUP-W-MOUNTERR, volume 1 on MKB100: was not mounted because its label does not match the one requested %BACKUP-W-EXLABEER, volume label processing failed because volume TAPE4 is out of order, Volume label TAPE1 was expected specify option (QUIT, NEW tape, OVERWRITE tape, USE loaded tape) BACKUP> OVERWRITE Depending on the option you specify, you can quit the backup operation (QUIT), dismount the old tape and mount a new one (NEW), overwrite the label and the data on the tape (OVERWRITE), or write the data to the tape using the loaded tape's label (USE). b. When the operation fills the first tape, it displays the following message: %BACKUP-I-RESUME, resuming operation on volume 2 %BACKUP-I-READYWRITE, mount volume TAPE2 on MKB100: for writing Respond with YES when ready: c. When you load the second tape and enter YES, BACKUP compares the label of the second tape with the second label you specified on the command line (TAPE2) just as it did in step 1a. d. Assuming the volume labels match, BACKUP continues processing until it completes the operation or runs out of volume labels. If you do not specify enough labels on the command line to complete the operation, BACKUP prompts you to enter a label for the tape in the drive as follows: %BACKUP-W-MOUNTERR, volume 4 on MKB100: was not mounted because the label was not specified specify EXACT_ORDER label (up to 6 characters) BACKUP> BACKUP then compares the label on the tape with label you specify as described previously. 10. $ BACKUP/IMAGE/RECORD/VERIFY/NOASSIST _From: DKA100:[TEST] _To: MKB100:MAR11.SAV/EXACT_ORDER Because this example does not use the /LABEL qualifier, BACKUP uses the existing label on the tape. If the tape does not have an ANSI label, and it is the first tape in the operation, BACKUP displays the following error message: %BACKUP-F-NOTANSI, tape is not valid ANSI format If the tape does not have an ANSI label, and is not the first tape in the operation, BACKUP displays the following error message prompting you to specify a label: %BACKUP-W-MOUNTERR, volume 2 on MKB100: was not mounted because the label was not specified specify EXACT_ORDER label (up to 6 characters) BACKUP> NOTE BACKUP checks to make sure you specify a valid label. If the label is not valid (for example, longer than six characters), BACKUP displays an error message. In previous versions of the OpenVMS operating system, BACKUP truncated long volume labels. 11.Creating the save set with the /INTERCHANGE qualifier does not save the Access Control Lists (ACLs) from the source directory. $ DIR/ACL Directory $4$DKB0:[SOURCE] TEST1.DAT;1 (IDENTIFIER=[100,8],ACCESS=READ+WRITE) TEST2.DAT;1 (IDENTIFIER=[100,8],ACCESS=READ+WRITE) Total of 2 files. $ BACKUP/LOG *.DAT DAT.BCK/SAVE/INTERCHANGE %BACKUP-I-ODS5CONV, structure level 5 files will be converted to structure level 2 on $4$DKB0: -BACKUP-I-ODS5LOSS, conversion may result in loss of structure level 5 file attributes %BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied $4$DKB0:[SOURCE]TEST1.DAT;1 %BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied $4$DKB0:[SOURCE]TEST2.DAT;1 $ $ DIR /ACL TARGET.DIR Directory $4$DKB0:[000000] TARGET.DIR;1 (IDENTIFIER=[400],ACCESS=READ+WRITE+EXECUTE+DELETE +CONTROL) (IDENTIFIER=[400],OPTIONS=DEFAULT,ACCESS=READ+WRITE +EXECUTE+DELETE+CONTROL) Total of 1 file. $ BACKUP/LOG new_DAT.BCK;1/SAVE $4$DKB0:[TARGET] %BACKUP-S-CREATED, created $4$DKB0:[000000.TARGET] TEST1.DAT;1 %BACKUP-S-CREATED, created $4$DKB0:[000000.TARGET] TEST2.DAT;1 $ $ $ DIR /ACL [.TARGET] Directory $4$DKB0:[000000.TARGET] TEST1.DAT;1 TEST2.DAT;1 Total of 2 files. $ 12.Restoring the save set without the /INTERCHANGE qualifier will restore the ACLs from the source directory. $ DIR /ACL Directory $4$DKB0:[SOURCE] TEST1.DAT;1 (IDENTIFIER=[100,8],ACCESS=READ+WRITE) TEST2.DAT;1 (IDENTIFIER=[100,8],ACCESS=READ+WRITE) Total of 2 files. $ $ BACKUP/LOG $4$DKB0:[SOURCE]*.DAT DAT.BCK/SAVE %BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied $4$DKB0:[SOURCE]TEST1.DAT;1 %BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied $4$DKB0:[SOURCE]TEST2.DAT;1 $ $ BACKUP/LOG DAT.BCK;1/SAVE $4$DKB0:[TARGET] %BACKUP-S-CREATED, created $4$DKB0:[000000.TARGET] TEST1.DAT;1 %BACKUP-S-CREATED, created $4$DKB0:[000000.TARGET] TEST2.DAT;1 $ DIR /ACL [.TARGET] Directory $4$DKB0:[TARGET] TEST1.DAT;1 (IDENTIFIER=[100,8],ACCESS=READ+WRITE) TEST2.DAT;1 (IDENTIFIER=[100,8],ACCESS=READ+WRITE) Total of 2 files. 13.Restoring the save set with the /INTERCHANGE qualifier will restore the ACLs from the destination directory. $ DIR /ACL TARGET.DIR Directory $4$DKB0:[000000] TARGET.DIR;1 (IDENTIFIER=[400],ACCESS=READ+WRITE+EXECUTE +DELETE+CONTROL) (IDENTIFIER=[400],OPTIONS=DEFAULT,ACCESS= READ+WRITE+EXECUTE+DELETE+CONTROL) Total of 1 file. $ BACKUP/LOG DAT.BCK;1/SAVE $4$DKB0:[TARGET]/INTERCHANGE %BACKUP-S-CREATED, created $4$DKB0:[000000.TARGET] TEST1.DAT;1 %BACKUP-S-CREATED, created $4$DKB0:[000000.TARGET] TEST2.DAT;1 $ $ DIR /ACL [.TARGET] Directory $4$DKB0:[000000.TARGET] TEST1.DAT;1 (IDENTIFIER=[400],ACCESS=READ+WRITE+EXECUTE +DELETE+CONTROL) TEST2.DAT;1 (IDENTIFIER=[400],ACCESS=READ+WRITE +EXECUTE+DELETE+CONTROL) Total of 2 files. $