Generates uniformly distributed pseudorandom-number sequences.
    Returns 48-bit signed long integers.

    Format

      #include  <stdlib.h>

      long int mrand48  (void);

1  –  Description

    The mrand48 function generates pseudorandom numbers using the
    linear congruential algorithm and 48-bit integer arithmetic.

    It returns signed long integers uniformly distributed over the
    range of y values such that -231 

    Before you call the mrand48 function, use either srand48,
    seed48, or lcong48 to initialize the random-number generator.
    You must initialize the mrand48 function prior to invoking it,
    because it stores the last 48-bit Xi generated into an internal
    buffer. (Although it is not recommended, constant default
    initializer values are supplied automatically if the drand48,
    lrand48, or mrand48 functions are called without first calling an
    initialization function.)

    The function works by generating a sequence of 48-bit integer
    values, Xi, according to the linear congruential formula:

           Xn+1 = (aXn+c)mod m        n >= 0

    The argument m equals 248, so 48-bit integer arithmetic is

    performed. Unless you invoke the lcong48 function, the multiplier
    value a and the addend value c are:

          a = 5DEECE66D16 = 2736731631558

          c = B16 = 138

    The values returned by the mrand48 function is computed by
    first generating the next 48-bit Xi in the sequence. Then the
    appropriate bits, according to the type of returned data item,
    are copied from the high-order (most significant) bits of Xi and
    transformed into the returned value.

    See also drand48, lrand48, lcong48, seed48, and srand48.

2  –  Return Value

    n                  Returns signed long integers uniformly
                       distributed over the range -231