To support rapid source code development and decrease the  occurrence
  of  syntactic  errors,  LSE  provides  language-specific  tokens  and
  placeholders.  Tokens and placeholders allow  for  the  insertion  of
  source code, within language constructs, by expanding the name a user
  types and by further expanding tokens and placeholders  on  syntactic
  markers.

  On-line help for language features is also provided that is keyed  to
  the names of tokens and placeholders.

1  –  Tokens

  Tokens are models of program language constructs that are  referenced
  by  name  from  a template buffer.  When a token name is entered, LSE
  replaces the name with the specified template body  from  the  buffer
  (see also topic "Tokens_and_Placeholders").

  The LSE commands used for the manipulation of tokens are:

       DEFINE TOKEN name
          specifies template characteristics for an EXPAND command.

       DELETE TOKEN name
          cancels the effect of a DEFINE TEMPLATE command.

       END DEFINE
          terminates a DEFINE command.

       EXPAND
          expands the token name at the current cursor position.

       EXTRACT TOKEN token-name
          selects the definition of the named token and formats it
          as a command.

       SAVE ENVIRONMENT [ file-spec ]
          writes all user-defined tokens to a specified file

       SHOW TOKEN [ name | * ]
          displays information about the specified token.

       UNEXPAND
          reverses the effect of the last EXPAND command.

2  –  Placeholders

  Placeholders are syntactic character strings that hold the  place  of
  program language constructs.  When a placeholder name is expanded, it
  expands  to  either  an  actual  value  (terminal  node)  or  another
  construct  (nonterminal  node)  requiring further expansion (see also
  Topics "Tokens_and_Placeholders").

  The LSE commands used for the manipulation of placeholders are:

       DEFINE PLACEHOLDER name
             specifies placeholder characteristics for the current
             language.

       DELETE PLACEHOLDER name
             cancels the effect of a DEFINE PLACEHOLDER command.

       END DEFINE
             terminates a DEFINE command.

       ERASE PLACEHOLDER
             deletes the text of a selected placeholder.

       EXPAND
             expands the placeholder-name at the current cursor postion.

       EXTRACT PLACEHOLDER placeholder-name
             selects the definition of the named placeholder and formats
             it as a command.

       GOTO PLACEHOLDER
             moves the cursor to the next placeholder.

       SAVE ENVIRONMENT [file-spec]
             writes all user-defined placeholders to the specified file.

       SHOW PLACEHOLDER [name | * ]
             displays the characteristics of the specified placeholder.

       UNEXPAND
             reverses the effect of the last EXPAND command.

3  –  Aliases

  Aliases are abbreviated reference names  for  long  identifiers  that
  have  been  entered  in  the  source code.  To define an alias for an
  identifier on which  the  cursor  is  currently  located,  press  the
  GOLD-CTRL/A key sequence and type the abbreviation at the prompt:

       _Alias name: name

  Whenever  the  abbreviated  reference  name  is  typed  and  expanded
  (CTRL/E), the original identifier string will appear in the buffer.

  The LSE commands used for the manipulation of aliases are:

       EXTRACT ALIAS alias-name
             selects the definition of the alias name and formats
             it as a command.

       DEFINE ALIAS name [value]
             specifies the alias name to be assigned and the value
             of the string to be referenced.

       DELETE ALIAS name
             specifies the alias name to be deleted.

4  –  New Files

  To edit a new file in one of the supported languages,  the  following
  commands   are   required   for   the   manipulation  of  tokens  and
  placeholders:

       o  ERASE PLACEHOLDER/FORWARD (CTRL/K)

       o  EXPAND (CTRL/E)

       o  GOTO PLACEHOLDER/FORWARD (CTRL/N)

       o  GOTO PLACEHOLDER/REVERSE (CTRL/P)

       o  UNERASE PLACEHOLDER (PF1-CTRL/K)

       o  UNEXPAND (PF1-CTRL/E)

  When you press the EXPAND key (CTRL/E), while  the  cursor  is  on  a
  placeholder name, one of the following will occur:

   o  The placeholder will be replaced automatically  with  a  template
      consisting  of  language constructs.  This type of placeholder is
      called a "nonterminal  placeholder"  because  it  will  insert  a
      template into the buffer when expanded.

   o  Text will appear in a separate window to aid you in  supplying  a
      value.    This   type   of  placeholder  is  called  a  "terminal
      placeholder" because it does  not  insert  a  template  into  the
      buffer  when  expanded.   Instead,  you must supply the necessary
      text.  You can press the spacebar to remove the window.

   o  A menu will appear that provides you with  options  that  can  be
      selected  and  expanded into templates.  This type of placeholder
      is called a "menu placeholder".

  In any of these three cases, you may type in the  desired  text  over
  the  placeholder,  and  the placeholder will be erased automatically.
  When expanding a menu placeholder, you can move through  the  options
  by  using the up and down arrow keys.  To select an option, you press
  the EXPAND key, the RETURN key, or the ENTER key.  To exit  the  menu
  without selecting an option, you press the spacebar.

  You  can  construct  a  complete  program  by  repeatedly   expanding
  templates.   You  do  not have to continuously expand templates until
  you reach a terminal placeholder.   Rather,  you  may  find  it  more
  appropriate  to  type in the desired value yourself at a higher level
  (see also topics "Tokens_and_Placeholders" and "Getting_Started").

5  –  Old Files

  To edit an existing file, in one of the supported languages, you  use
  tokens.   Since tokens exist for many reserved words, simply type the
  token name and press the EXPAND key (CTRL/E).

  For example, typing IF followed by a CTRL/E causes a template for  an
  IF  construct  to appear on your screen.  (Use the SHOW TOKEN command
  to acquire a listing of all the predefined tokens.)